Islam is the fastest-growing religion in Europe. Driven by immigration and high birthrates, the number of Muslims on the continent has tripled in the last 30 years. The growing presence of Muslims on the continent coupled with increased social tension ...
Islam is the fastest-growing religion in Europe. Driven by immigration and high birthrates, the number of Muslims on the continent has tripled in the last 30 years. The growing presence of Muslims on the continent coupled with increased social tensions have provided fuel for xenophobic, nativist political parties throughout Europe. Muslims are still very much minorities in Western European countries. Many European Muslims are facing discrimination in employment, education and housing.
This study is concerned to examine the economic situation of migrants and minorities in Europe. Immigrants and ethnic minorities from non-Western countries are typically confronted with much higher unemployment rates than the majority population.
In France, which has a long history of immigration and an initiative to define the civil rights, and the specificity of the French national identity, the current conflicts over nationality wrapped by racialistic xenophobia instead of socio-economic conflicts provoke terrible riots of non-Europeans especially the muslims living in the suburbs. Strictly speaking, there is not an obvious and fixed historical parameter in the definition of who is a French.
French nationality laws were shaped by the French Revolution and its aftermath, including the formation of the Jacobin state and French republic discourse, its colonialist experiences, as well as by specific demographic pressures, economic needs, and military exigencies. So tracing the historical relation between nationality and immigrants is useful to diagnose how the current conflicts were drawn, or what is the problem in that relation.
In Germany, foreigners have increased since 1950’s and there are more than 8 million foreigners 2004. Since the reunification of the Germany 1991, attacks of the right-wing extremists against many foreigners, who have lived in Germany, have increased, and their criminal offences were so brutal that in 1993, 6 turks were killed by their arsons. Nowadays, foreigners is one of the most important social problems of the Germany
Since the reunification, conservative atmosphere has increased in the German society, because first of all, the economy has been declining. But there are many foreigners in Germany, who are working and try to look for a job. And their religion is differentand their lifestyle is quite different from the German peoples. Many German people think that foreigner must endanger German workers job and social security.
In recent years all Member States of the European Union have stepped up their efforts to implement Community legislation on equality and anti-discrimination into national law and to create specialized public institutions to oversee their implementation. But the deepening of European integration has weakened the traditional coercive monopoly of the state on actors and resources that are crucial for the stability of redistributive institutions.