In this paper, the views of the enlightment thinker Fukuzawa Yukichi (福沢諭吉), the economist Fukuda Tokuzo (福田徳三), and the author Shiba Ryotaro (司馬遼太郎), who were representative figures advocating the theory of stagnation in Chosun Society, were examine ...
In this paper, the views of the enlightment thinker Fukuzawa Yukichi (福沢諭吉), the economist Fukuda Tokuzo (福田徳三), and the author Shiba Ryotaro (司馬遼太郎), who were representative figures advocating the theory of stagnation in Chosun Society, were examined in terms of non-civilization, non-economization and non-rationalization. The view of history on Korea, which had been actively studied, was used as a colonial view of history based on the ‘Escape from Asia’ of Fukuzawa and the theory of stagnation in Chosun, which was proposed by the economists such as Fukuda, was revived by Shiba. The theory of Fukuzawa and Fukuda that Chosun in 19th century was never to be civilized socially as well as economically has been followed by Shiba and also has led to the rationalization of the Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and the justification of Japanese Annexation of Korea. In addition, the education scholar Nobukatsu Fujioka(藤岡信勝) has asserted that Shiba’s view of history is ‘a sound nationalism and realism, a freedom from ideology, a criticism on aristocracy’and has been a basis for history education reform. On the other hand, ‘Cloud over the slope’ has been aired on NHK as a historical drama without any adequate filtration, which is a typical example of the Japanese twisted view of history on Korea.
In conclusion, the theory of stagnation in Chosun based on non-civilization, non-economization and non-rationalization was a ‘modernization paradigm’ and was a one-way understanding in overall spatial system, which should not solely depend on any simple progressive values because of its own mutuality and complexity. Therefore, more interest should be drawn to other views of history on Korea by any other Japanese intellectual class.